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Egypt
Located in the extreme northeast of Africa and in the Sinai Peninsula of Asia. It borders Sudan to the south, Libya to the west, and the State of Palestine and Israel to the northeast. To the north it borders the Mediterranean Sea and to the southeast the Red Sea. Most of its surface is made up of the Sahara desert. The Nile River crosses the desert from north to south, forming a narrow valley and a large delta at its mouth in the Mediterranean. These fertile lands are densely populated, concentrating the largest national population in Africa. It was the cradle of the ancient Egyptian civilization, which together with the Mesopotamian civilization were the origin of the current Western culture, decisively influencing the history of humanity. The language is standard Arabic. However, there are many varieties of the Arabic language, such as the Egyptian dialect, which is one of the most talked about.
How to travel to Egypt
Airplane: means of transport used by 98% of tourists which makes Cairo International Airport the a very active air terminal with a level of security excellent From the airport you can get to the center of Cairo by Bus leaving every 20 minutes with stops at the Nile Hilton and Meridien hotels. There is also a public bus (number 400, red and white) that goes to the city center.
Ship: ferries can be taken in Italian, Greek and Turkish ports. Another entry by boat is from the Arabian Peninsula, crossing the Red Sea.
How to get around Egypt
Airplane: the national air network is quite extensive and covers the most important cities in Egypt. The national airline, EgyptAir, has most of the scheduled services and is the easiest place to start looking before traveling to Egypt.
Train: The Egyptian state-owned railway company controls almost all trains in Egypt. Cairo-Alexandria is a well-used train, with frequent daily service.
Metro: Cairo has is the only one that It has it on the African continent. It is modern and elegant yes well your two lines are too limited in scope.
Bus: there is an extensive long-distance network, operated mainly by state companies. The most popular routes are operated by more than one company. In Cairo the red, white and blue public bus covers the entire city and is much cheaper.
Cab: They are a cheap and comfortable way to get around. Although generally safe, some taxi drivers drive erratically, especially in Cairo. In Cairo, taxis are painted black with white around the front and rear fenders.
Calesas: they are horse carriages that are used in cities such as luxor or Aswan . They are a good way to get around although the price will be somewhat more expensive than the taxi and they are not as fast.
Boat: A ferry runs between Red Sea, Hurghada and Sharm-El-Sheikh stations, a 90-minute ride.
What to see in Egypt
The most populous metropolis in Africa and the ninth largest city in the world located along 40 km of the banks of the Nile River. It is close to almost all the pyramids of Egypt, especially the complex of the great pyramids of Gizeh – Giza (located about 18 km from the city center), one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and an architectural landmark of the Nile country. The Egyptians call Cairo the “Mother of the world“, being today a modern city with a wonderful ancient past, a living testament to the city's age-old role as the main hub of the Arab world.
Located in Cairo, it is the third mosque erected in Egypt, the largest and the oldest in the city that is preserved in its original form. Built between the years 876 and 879 in mud bricks, it has a sober oriental decoration in which arches and domes abound. It is characterized by various decorations, spread and engravings on its walls, columns, doors, windows and ceiling. Inside there is a 90 meter long patio surrounded by porticoes and, in the center, there is a large fountain. It has a viewpoint that allows you to enjoy views of the city.
It is the first mosque built between 970 and 972 AD. and houses the oldest university in the Islamic world located in the historic center. It also has great weight in social, religious, political and legal life, by enacting laws that are then applied to the rest of the Islamic world. Inside you can see the impressive white marble courtyard, study rooms, the prayer room and the library.
One of the largest in the world, with its exceptional collection of wood and plaster crafts, as well as metal, ceramic glass, glass, textiles and objects from all eras, from all parts of the Islamic world. houses more than 100,000 pieces from all branches of Islamic art and from different periods of history. The museum keeps some unique pieces that show the level of accuracy achieved by Muslim craftsmen and provide a chronological look at the history of Islamic art.
Located in Tahrir Square, it houses the largest collection of objects from the time of the Ancient Egypt ; It has more than 136,000 classified objects from different periods of Egyptian history: tiny , Old Kingdom , Middle Kingdom , New Kingdom , Third Intermediate Period , late , hellenistic and Romano , standing out from other museums not only because of the quantity, but also because of the importance of many of them.
It was built in 1902 to protect the country's treasures and in 1922 with the arrival of the 3,500 pieces of Tutankhamun's treasure, it became one of the most visited places in the country.
In addition to the Treasure of Tukankamón with its famous mask, other interesting pieces are the royal mummies, the figure of the Seated Scribe, the Statue of Zoser and that of Akhenaten, the Palette of Narmer and the Triad of Menkaure.
This is the old bazaar of the city, whose origins date back to the year 1382, when this area set aside a space for merchants, their animals and their merchandise. There are around 900 stalls and several restaurants and cafes. Some stalls are located by sectors like this you will find the alley of spices, gold, silver street. Also fabrics, typical costumes, vessels, heave rolls, rugs and all kinds of souvenirs. One of the most popular places is the Café de los Espejos (El Fishawy) located in an alley where they serve tea, coffee and shisha to smoke and which has been open for more than 200 years
Located on the Mokattam hill, this ancient fortress with high walls and large towers was built in 1176 to defend the city from the Crusader armies.
Inside the citadel are the Mosque of Muhammad Ali, the Mosque of al-Nasir, the Gawhara Palace, the Well of Yusuf and a couple of museums that they preserve remains of the leaders of the time.
This mosque, also known as the Alabaster Mosque, was built between 1830 and 1848 and is reminiscent of the New Mosque in Istanbul. It is located on top of the so-called "Cairo Citadel" and was built in the early 1930s. It can be seen from almost the entire city, due to its elevation and the impressive height of its towers that will allow you fantastic views of the city of Cairo.
Located 18 kilometers from Cairo, in the center of the plateau of the same name and built around 2500 BC, are the three great pyramids that bear the name of the pharaohs Cheops, Khafre and Micerinos whose tombs they house and the Great Sphinx of Giza sculpted more than 4,500 years ago and which measures more than 50 meters and is about 20 meters high. The belief in Ancient Egypt was that by building these pyramids, in which light rays were reflected, the pharaohs would achieve eternity and a place among the gods in the afterlife. It is worth going inside the pyramid of Cheops, to see the funerary chamber with the sarcophagus, and visit the museum that contains a very good Solar Boat. conserved.
This river, the second longest river in the world, has been key in the development of Egypt, by providing water and resources to one of the most desert areas in the world, something that the pharaohs took into account when building the vast majority of temples and monuments on its shores.
To enjoy it you can take a cruise not only to see the city from another perspective but to see the most beautiful part of the Nile traveling the almost 200 kilometers between Aswan and Luxor visiting the pharaonic temples that peek into its waters.
The cruises can be done in luxury cruises, in sailing ships without cabins or in the dahabeyas Sailing boats used by kings and aristocrats to get around in the 19th century.
It is an amazing church from the 1st century built on the remains of one of the towers of the fortress of Babylon. It is one of the main Coptic monuments in Cairo. She is currently known as Kenisa Al Moallaqa and her The main nave is suspended over the path that leads to the interior. The Coptic Church, which broke away from early Christianity because of the Council of Chalcedon from 451 , has his own pope, today number 118. It is estimated that the Coptic faithful amount to about 65 million people, placing in Egypt some 10 million, the largest presence is in the cities of Alexandria and Cairo.
Alexandria
north city of Egypt , in the westernmost part of the Nile delta , on a hill that separates Lake Mareotis from the Mediterranean Sea. It is capital of the governorate the same name , and the main port of the country. It is the second largest city in Egypt after Cairo , was founded by Alexander the Great in the year 331 a. C. in a strategic port region and became in a few years the cultural center of the ancient world. It is known as the Pearl of the Mediterranean and is characterized by having been the largest cultural center of antiquity. The city is open to the sea, being very nice stroll down the Corniche, 20 km of promenade along the Mediterranean.
The Anfushi Tombs, ancient sites from the Greco-Roman era discovered in 1901 and 1921; Quaitbay fortress ordered to be built in the year 1480; the catacombs of Kom el Shukafa belonging to the 1st and 2nd centuries, a funerary complex that combined the Greek, Egyptian and Roman styles; Pompey's Column or Pillar, which is 30 meters high and made of pink granite from Aswan and is believed to be the place where Emperor Pompey was buried; the Library of Alexandria built in the 3rd century BC and declared World Heritage for being the oldest and largest library in the world.
City located 670 km south of Cairo , in the Nile Valley, just 200km from the first cataract and is built on ancient Thebes, one of the most important towns in Ancient Egypt. Thebes was the capital of Egypt during the middle kingdom and the New Kingdom . was close to Nubian and of eastern desert , with its valuable mineral resources and trade routes. Was a worship center and the most revered city of ancient Egypt during its heyday. When Homer wrote The Iliad he referred to it as "the city of 100 gates" because of its large number of temples. Many consider it "the largest open-air museum in the world."
East funerary complex with a total of 62 buildings is located in the western shore, which in ancient times was called West Thebes. In it are the tombs of some of the most famous pharaohs: Tut-anj-Amón, Ramses IX, Ramses III, Sethy I, Ramses VI, Horemheb, etc. This valley corresponds to the period of the New Kingdom in which the pyramids began to be left behind and the dead were buried in tombs excavated in stone with different rooms.
To the southwest of this complex is also the Valley of the Queens. Although it is less spectacular than that of the kings, Prince Amenkhepchef, Queen Ti, and Queen Nefertary, among others, were buried in it.
It is part of the set called Ancient Thebes with its necropolis , declared World Heritage by unesco on 1979 . It is the largest set of temples in Egypt. It is the main attraction of the other part of the city, the eastern bank, the outgoing Thebes, which is the most important religious complex of Ancient Egypt. It is dedicated to the god of gods, Amun, although other deities are also venerated. See a lot of sphinxes, temples, courtyards, obelisks and sculptures started in 2000 BC and finished several thousand years later.
Is also situated on the eastern bank of the Nile in Luxor city center next to Karnak Temple. Built during the New Kingdom it was linked to the Karnak temple by an avenue lined with sphinxes. It was raised by two pharaohs Amenhotep III (built the inner zone) and Ramses II , who finished the temple. Inside you can see monuments from the Pharaonic, Greco-Roman, Coptic Christian and Islamic eras. As in Karnak, the protagonists are the sphinxes, obelisks and statues.
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It is the southernmost city of Egypt , located on the eastern bank of the Nile River about 950 km south of the city of Cairo and 106m above sea level. It has very interesting places to visit like the Nubian Museum has 3,000 pieces from different periods of Egypt; the Botanical Garden; Elephantine Island, which separates the Nile River into two channels and has remains of the temples of Jnum, Satet and his son Anukis; the Monastery of San Simeon built in the 12th century AD; the unfinished obelisk made with red granite that could have measured 41m and weighed 1,168 tons; the high dam built in the 1960s and provides irrigation water and electricity to all of Egypt.
Abu Simbel
This pharaonic complex declared World Heritage by unesco on 1979 It is located on the western bank of the lake nasser in Nubia , about 231 km southwest of Aswan close to its original location.
The temples were carved into the rock during the reign of the Pharaoh Ramses II in the 13th century BC C. on whose façade he represented himself as a divinity together with the colossal figures of the gods Ra, Amón and Ptah and another smaller one dedicated to Nefertari, the favorite wife of Ramses and built to commemorate his supposed victory in the battle of kadesh and show your power to your neighbors Nubians .
located city at the southern end of the Sinai Peninsula, in the province of Janub Sina', and specifically, between the coastal strip of the Red Sea and Mount Sinai. Highly tourist destination and full of luxury hotels with beautiful beaches like Na'ama beach whose sand is not so fine but with very clear water. In addition, the amount of fish and corals that there are decorate the natural landscape as if it were an unexplored paradise.o Fanar beach full of marine flora and fauna with a Extremely relaxed view from sunrise to sunset, unparalleled experience for divers and non-divers alike.
It is the third most populous city in the country and connected to Cairo thanks to its international airport, which also connects the city with some of the main European capitals.
It is one of the best beach destinations in all of Egypt, behind only Sharm El Sheikh. You will enjoy the sun and the sea in the tourist complexes and a crystal clear sea where you can practice scuba diving in its incredible reefs and contemplate the remains of shipwrecks at the bottom of the sea, near the coast.
gastronomy of Egypt
The variety of Egyptian recipes is extensive, using many types of food. With a long history of foreign trade, invasions and domination by other cultures (Roman, Greek, Arab, among others), Egypt has adopted many ways of preparing food. The influences came mainly from Syria, Lebanon, Turkey, Greece, Palestine and other Mediterranean regions, but adapted to Egyptian customs.
Aish o Aish Baladi: typical Arab bread cooked in a pan that inflates when it is put on the fire until it becomes a balloon. It is hollow inside and with little crumb
Ful: beans cooked in a copper pot and partially crushed. They are seasoned with plenty of olive oil and lemon.
Falafel: broad bean or chickpea croquettes seasoned with cilantro or parsley and fried in abundant oil.
Mansaf: with rice and lamb, cooked in a dry yoghurt called jameed. It is presented on a bread called markook, which is then covered with rice and on this goes the meat with the jameed sauce.
Baba ghannoush: roasted eggplant puree, olive oil, garlic, sesame paste (tahina) and lemon.
Kushari: A base of rice, black lentils, chickpeas, and pasta seasoned with garlic, vinegar, and topped with a spicy tomato sauce.
Um alí: rice pudding with the characteristic that it is baked with nuts and cream;
Kumafa: baked noodles covered with sugar, nuts and honey)
Baklava: a pastry prepared with dough and stuffed with pistachios, almonds and/or walnuts and flavored with mead.
Shay tea: it is a black and strong tea; there is also the shai nanaá variety that is served with mint leaves.
Coffee: or ahwa turki is consumed in different ways such as saada, which is coffee no sugar, barely sweetened riha, masbut which is a sweet coffee or ziada, a very sweet infusion.
Sahlab: hot milk with cinnamon, coconut and peanuts; It is frequently consumed in winter.
Kerfa: non-alcoholic drink consisting of an infusion of ground cinnamon served as tea and sometimes milk is added.
Street vendors often offer other traditional drinks such as irssous or liquorice water and assir kassab, which is prepared from sugar cane.
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